> [!theorem] Strategy
>
> Let $(L)$ be a first order [[Ordinary Differential Equation|ODE]] with
> $
> M(x, y)dx + N(x, y)dy = 0
> $
> Then $(L)$ is **exact** if
> $
> \frac{\partial M}{\partial y} = \frac{\partial N}{\partial x}
> $
> Resist the urge to cancel terms between $M$ and $N$. Suppose that the equation has an implicit solution $f(x, y(x)) = C$, then
> $
> \frac{df}{dx} = C \Rightarrow \frac{\partial f}{\partial x} + \frac{\partial f}{\partial y}\frac{dy}{dx} = 0
> $
> and with some witchcraft we get
> $
> \frac{\partial f}{\partial x}dx + \frac{\partial f}{\partial y}dy = 0
> $
> which matches the form of the exact ODE.
>
> Over more witchcraft we can obtain
> $
> \begin{align*}
> f(x, y) &= \int_{x_0}^{x}M(s, y)ds +
> \int_{y_0}^{y}N(x, t)dt +
> \int_{y_0}^{y}\int_{x_0}^{x}\frac{\partial M}{\partial y}(s, t)dsdt \\
> &= \int_{x_0}^{x}M(s, y)ds +
> \int_{y_0}^{y}N(x, t)dt
> \end{align*}
> $