Proposition 8.3.2. Let $E$ be a TVS over $K \in \RC$ and $A, B \in B(E)$, then the following sets are bounded:

  1. Any $C \subset B$.

  2. The closure $\ol{B}$.

  3. $\lambda B$ where $\lambda \in K$.

  4. $A \cup B$.

  5. $A + B$.

Proof. Let $U \in \cn(0)$.

(2): Using Proposition 5.1.16, assume without loss of generality that $U$ is closed. Let $0 \ne \lambda \in K$ with $\lambda U \supset B$, then since $\lambda U$ is closed, $\lambda U \supset \ol B$.

(4), (5): By Proposition 8.1.11, there exists $V \in \cn(0)$ circled such that $V + V \subset U$, and $\lambda, \lambda' \in K$ such that $\lambda V \supset A$ and $\lambda' V \supset B$.

Let $\mu > \abs{\lambda}, \abs{\lambda'}$, then

\[\mu U \supset \mu V \supset \lambda V \cup \lambda' V \supset A \cup B\]

and

\[\mu U \supset \mu(V + V) \supset \lambda V + \lambda' V \supset A + B\]
$\square$