Proposition 14.6.5. Let $X$ be a LCH space and $\mu: \cb_{X} \to [0, \infty]$ be a Borel measure such that:

  1. For any $U \subset X$ open, $U$ is $\sigma$-compact.

  2. For any $K \subset X$ compact, $\mu(K) < \infty$.

then $\mu$ is a regular measure on $X$.

Proof. By assumption (b), $f \mapsto \int f d\mu$ is a positive linear functional on $C_{c}(X; \real)$. By the Riesz Representation Theorem, there exists a Radon measure $\nu: \cb_{X} \to [0, \infty]$ such that for any $f \in C_{c}(X; \real)$, $\int f d\mu = \int f d\mu$.

Let $U \subset X$ be open, then by Proposition 14.6.2,

\[\nu(U) = \sup_{\substack{f \in C_c(X; [0, 1]) \\ f \le \one_U}}\int f d\nu = \sup_{\substack{f \in C_c(X; [0, 1]) \\ f \le \one_U}}\int f d\mu \le \mu(U)\]

By assumption (a), there exists $\seq{K_n}\subset 2^{X}$ compact such that $K_{n} \upto U$. By Urysohn’s lemma, there exists $\seq{f_n}\subset C_{c}(X; [0, 1])$ such that $\one_{K_n}\le f_{n} \le \one_{U}$ for all $n \in \natp$, and $f_{n} \upto f$ pointwise. Using the Monotone Convergence Theorem,

\[\mu(U) = \limv{n}\int f_{n} d\mu \le \sup_{\substack{f \in C_c(X; [0, 1]) \\ f \le \one_U}}\int f d\mu = \nu(U)\]

Therefore $\mu(U) = \nu(U)$.

Now let $E \in \cb_{X}$ be arbitrary and $\eps > 0$. By Proposition 14.6.4, there exists $U \in \cn^{o}(E)$ and $V \subset E$ closed such that $\nu(U \setminus E), \nu(E \setminus V) < \eps$. In which case, since $U \setminus V$ is open,

\[\mu(U \setminus E) \le \mu(U \setminus V) = \nu(U \setminus V) < \eps\]

so $\mu(U) = \mu(U \setminus E) + \mu(E) \le \mu(E) + \eps$. Therefore

\[\mu(E) = \inf_{U \in \cn^o(E)}\mu(U) = \inf_{U \in \cn^o(E)}\nu(U) = \nu(E)\]

and $\mu = \nu$.

Since $X$ is $\sigma$-compact, $\mu$ is $\sigma$-finite, so $\mu$ is regular by Proposition 14.6.3.$\square$